The method of changing a fraction, particularly fifteen twentieths, right into a share supplies a standardized methodology for evaluating efficiency. On this occasion, fifteen divided by twenty yields 0.75. Multiplying this decimal by 100 transforms it right into a share, leading to 75%. This share can then be correlated to a letter grade, relying on the grading scale utilized.
Establishing equivalencies between numerical scores and letter grades permits for uniform understanding and comparability throughout various instructional contexts. This facilitates tutorial evaluation, efficiency monitoring, and the communication of scholar achievement. Traditionally, this technique has advanced to supply a succinct illustration of complete evaluations, providing a readily interpretable measure of proficiency.
Understanding this conversion is key to decoding tutorial evaluations. Elements affecting the ensuing letter grade can embody variations in grading scales and the precise standards used for evaluation. Subsequent sections will discover the applying of this conversion inside various grading programs and spotlight potential nuances in interpretation.
1. Share Equal
The conversion of a fraction, similar to 15/20, to its share equal is a elementary step in figuring out the corresponding letter grade. The proportion equal, calculated by dividing 15 by 20 and multiplying by 100, yields 75%. This share serves because the direct numerical illustration of the rating upon which the task of a letter grade is based. With out this conversion, a uncooked rating lacks a standardized foundation for comparability in opposition to established grading scales. For instance, a scholar scoring 15 out of 20 on an examination has achieved 75% of the attainable factors. This share then turns into the enter variable for translating the numerical rating right into a qualitative evaluation of efficiency.
The significance of creating this share equal lies in its common applicability throughout numerous evaluation strategies. Whether or not it’s a check, venture, or homework task, changing the uncooked rating to a share permits for uniform comparability and analysis, regardless of the whole attainable factors. As an illustration, if a unique task was graded out of fifty factors, a rating of 37.5 would additionally translate to 75%, indicating equal efficiency. Moreover, the proportion acts as a standardized metric for monitoring progress and figuring out areas for enchancment, enabling educators and college students to objectively gauge mastery of the subject material.
In abstract, the proportion equal acts because the important bridge between uncooked numerical scores and the subjective task of letter grades. Challenges in decoding scholar efficiency typically come up from neglecting this conversion step or misapplying the suitable grading scale. Correct calculation and constant software of share equivalents are thus essential for truthful and significant assessments, facilitating efficient communication of educational achievement.
2. Grading Scale Dependency
The ultimate grade assigned to a rating of 15 out of 20 is contingent upon the grading scale employed. A 75% numerical outcome could translate to completely different letter grades based mostly on institutional insurance policies or particular course necessities. Consequently, understanding the grading scale is essential for correct interpretation. The influence of grading scale dependency is obvious when evaluating situations; for example, a 75% is perhaps thought of a ‘C’ in a system the place ‘A’ requires 90% or greater, whereas it may characterize a ‘B-‘ in a extra lenient scale the place an ‘A’ begins at 85%. This variance demonstrates the direct affect of the chosen scale on the ensuing evaluative measure.
Particular fields of research could additional emphasize the impact of grading scale dependency. In extremely aggressive disciplines, similar to pre-med or engineering, stricter grading scales could also be enforced to distinguish scholar efficiency extra granularly. Conversely, introductory programs or these emphasizing participation may make the most of extra beneficiant scales. Due to this fact, realizing not solely the numerical share but in addition the framework inside which it’s assessed supplies context. With out this information, an analysis of scholar efficiency may be deceptive. The sensible significance is obvious when college students switch between establishments or apply for graduate packages, the place grade interpretations throughout numerous scales can considerably influence their alternatives.
In abstract, grading scale dependency introduces a layer of complexity when decoding numerical scores. Whereas 15 out of 20 equates to 75%, the corresponding grade requires information of the precise evaluative system. This consciousness is significant for instructors, college students, and establishments alike to precisely assess efficiency and guarantee equity in instructional assessments. Ignoring the grading scale’s influence can result in misinterpretations, doubtlessly undermining the worth of educational achievements or masking areas requiring enchancment. Understanding scale dependency is, due to this fact, a core element within the general evaluation course of.
3. Letter Grade Conversion
The conversion of a numerical rating, derived from an evaluation, to a letter grade represents a vital juncture in tutorial analysis. Within the context of fifteen out of twenty, equating to seventy-five %, the final word letter grade relies upon considerably on predefined institutional or departmental grading insurance policies. This conversion facilitates the communication of scholar efficiency by means of a broadly understood symbolic illustration.
-
Commonplace Grading Scale Alignment
Many instructional establishments make use of an ordinary grading scale, whereby particular share ranges correspond to distinct letter grades. For instance, seventy to seventy-nine % is perhaps designated as a ‘C’ grade. On this situation, a rating of fifteen out of twenty would translate on to a ‘C’. This standardized strategy allows consistency in evaluation and promotes simpler comparability of scholar achievements throughout completely different programs and disciplines.
-
Institutional Coverage Variations
Regardless of the prevalence of ordinary scales, variations exist throughout establishments. A rating of seventy-five %, whereas a ‘C’ in a single context, could possibly be a ‘B-‘ in one other. Elements such because the perceived rigor of the establishment or particular programmatic targets could affect these variations. Due to this fact, the exact letter grade conversion necessitates cautious consideration of the institutional context.
-
Subjective Evaluation Affect
In sure disciplines, significantly these involving subjective analysis, instructors could train discretion in letter grade assignments. Whereas a numerical rating supplies a basis, qualitative components, similar to participation or demonstrated effort, may affect the ultimate letter grade. In such circumstances, a rating of fifteen out of twenty is perhaps adjusted upwards or downwards based mostly on these supplementary standards, deviating from a strict numerical conversion.
-
Weighted Grading Techniques
Many programs make the most of weighted grading programs, the place completely different evaluation elements contribute various percentages to the ultimate grade. If the evaluation price twenty factors represents a comparatively small portion of the general course grade, the influence of scoring fifteen out of twenty on the ultimate letter grade is perhaps restricted. Conversely, if it’s a main evaluation, the conversion to a letter grade turns into considerably extra influential.
In abstract, the conversion of fifteen out of twenty to a letter grade is just not a simple course of however is topic to a number of contextual components. Commonplace grading scales, institutional insurance policies, subjective assessments, and weighted grading programs all play a vital position in figuring out the final word symbolic illustration of scholar achievement. Due to this fact, decoding a letter grade requires understanding the precise framework inside which it was assigned, recognizing that the identical numerical rating could yield completely different letter grades relying on the surrounding evaluation setting.
4. Numerical Illustration
The phrase “what grade is 15 out of 20” instantly engages with the idea of numerical illustration in tutorial evaluation. Fifteen out of twenty is, in its foundational kind, a numerical ratio expressing achieved factors relative to whole attainable factors. This fraction is then manipulated to derive a share, an extra type of numerical illustration that gives a standardized measure of efficiency. With out the numerical quantification of each the earned rating and the whole attainable rating, an goal analysis is just not possible. The shift from 15/20 to 75% exemplifies the utility of numerical illustration in remodeling uncooked information right into a comparable metric. As an illustration, a scholar receiving 15/20 on one task and 30/40 on one other, after numerical conversion to percentages, may be seen to have achieved an identical ranges of efficiency (75%).
The significance of numerical illustration extends past easy rating conversion. In instructional settings, numerical information informs vital choices concerning scholar placement, curriculum improvement, and tutorial methods. Standardized checks, for instance, rely solely on numerical scores to evaluate proficiency and predict future tutorial success. The Graduate Document Examinations (GRE), Scholastic Aptitude Check (SAT), and different related assessments all produce numerical scores which might be used to rank candidates and allocate assets. Furthermore, educators use numerical information from quizzes, exams, and assignments to determine areas the place college students are struggling and to regulate their educating strategies accordingly. This data-driven strategy to training highlights the sensible significance of numerical illustration in bettering instructional outcomes.
In conclusion, the numerical illustration of educational efficiency, as exemplified by “what grade is 15 out of 20,” kinds the bedrock of goal evaluation and knowledgeable decision-making in training. The flexibility to quantify achievement permits for standardized comparisons, data-driven instruction, and efficient useful resource allocation. Whereas letter grades present a qualitative abstract of efficiency, they’re in the end derived from the underlying numerical information. Due to this fact, an intensive understanding of numerical illustration is crucial for decoding tutorial evaluations precisely and for using information to boost instructional practices. Challenges could come up in making certain the validity and reliability of numerical assessments, however the core precept stays: quantifiable information is key to goal analysis.
5. Analysis Commonplace
The ensuing grade for a rating of 15 out of 20 is instantly depending on the analysis customary in place. The analysis customary constitutes the pre-defined standards and expectations in opposition to which scholar work is measured. This contains not solely the grading scale (e.g., A=90-100%, B=80-89%, and many others.) but in addition the rubric or pointers used to evaluate the standard of the work. The absence of a transparent analysis customary renders the numerical rating meaningless, as there isn’t any framework for translating it right into a significant evaluation of competence. For instance, if a scholar scores 15 out of 20 on an essay, the assigned grade will differ considerably relying on whether or not the analysis customary emphasizes content material accuracy, writing type, vital evaluation, or a mix thereof. And not using a specified customary, the rating turns into arbitrary.
The sensible significance of understanding the connection between the analysis customary and the ensuing grade is especially evident in standardized testing and large-scale assessments. In these contexts, the analysis customary is meticulously outlined to make sure equity and consistency throughout all test-takers. Standardized rubrics, scoring protocols, and high quality management measures are carried out to attenuate subjective bias and be certain that the scores precisely replicate the examinees’ information and expertise. Conversely, in classroom settings, the analysis customary could also be extra nuanced and topic to teacher interpretation. Nevertheless, even in these circumstances, the trainer has a accountability to speak the analysis customary clearly to college students so that they perceive the expectations and may successfully put together for assessments. The alignment of the evaluation, analysis customary, and tutorial aims is vital for selling legitimate and dependable measurement of scholar studying.
In abstract, the analysis customary is an indispensable element within the willpower of “what grade is 15 out of 20.” It supplies the mandatory context for decoding the numerical rating and assigning a significant grade that displays the coed’s stage of feat. Challenges in evaluation typically come up from poorly outlined or inconsistently utilized analysis requirements. By emphasizing readability, transparency, and alignment with tutorial targets, educators can be certain that analysis requirements contribute to truthful, correct, and informative assessments that assist scholar studying and improvement. The analysis customary’s influence ensures correct scoring to pretty consider college students base from their efficiency in instructional studying system.
6. Relative Efficiency
The interpretation of fifteen out of twenty necessitates consideration of relative efficiency. This idea locations a person rating throughout the context of a bigger group, thereby offering a extra nuanced understanding of its significance. The remoted worth of 75% positive aspects additional that means when in comparison with the efficiency of friends or established benchmarks.
-
Class Common Comparability
If the category common on an evaluation is, for example, sixty %, a rating of fifteen out of twenty (75%) signifies above-average efficiency. This comparability supplies a right away sense of the person’s standing throughout the cohort. Conversely, if the category common is ninety %, the identical rating suggests an space for enchancment relative to friends. Contextualizing particular person scores with class averages gives a worthwhile perspective past absolutely the numerical worth. The ensuing grade, due to this fact, displays not solely mastery of content material but in addition efficiency relative to others.
-
Distribution and Percentiles
Analyzing the distribution of scores permits for figuring out the percentile rating of fifteen out of twenty. If a rating of 75% locations a scholar within the seventieth percentile, it signifies that the coed carried out higher than 70% of their friends. This attitude is especially related in selective admissions processes and aggressive tutorial environments. Understanding the place a rating falls throughout the general distribution supplies a extra refined evaluation of educational standing than the uncooked rating alone. Moreover, percentile rankings mitigate the influence of differing grading scales throughout establishments.
-
Historic Efficiency Tendencies
Evaluating a person’s efficiency relative to their very own historic developments supplies perception into development and improvement. A scholar who persistently scored under seventy % however achieves a 75% could show vital enchancment. Conversely, a scholar who usually scores above ninety % could view 75% as a sign of underperformance. Monitoring efficiency developments allows a extra complete understanding of progress over time and permits for focused interventions to handle areas of weak point. Relative historic efficiency gives a customized perspective past cross-sectional comparisons.
-
Norm-Referenced Grading Techniques
Sure instructional establishments make use of norm-referenced grading programs, whereby the distribution of grades is predetermined. In such programs, the grade assigned to fifteen out of twenty is instantly influenced by the general efficiency of the cohort. If the category performs exceptionally nicely, a rating of 75% may obtain a decrease grade than it might in a much less aggressive cohort. Norm-referenced grading emphasizes relative standing moderately than absolute mastery of content material. Understanding the ideas of norm-referenced grading is crucial for decoding grades precisely in these particular contexts.
The idea of relative efficiency considerably enriches the interpretation of a rating of fifteen out of twenty. By contemplating components similar to class averages, distribution percentiles, historic efficiency developments, and grading system sorts, a extra nuanced and significant analysis of scholar achievement may be achieved. This multifaceted strategy strikes past the constraints of absolute scores, offering a extra full understanding of educational standing and progress.
7. Evaluation Context
The grade derived from a rating of fifteen out of twenty is basically influenced by the evaluation context. This context encompasses numerous components, together with the kind of evaluation, the subject material being evaluated, and the general aims of the academic program. The intrinsic nature of the evaluation, whether or not it’s a low-stakes quiz or a high-stakes last examination, instantly impacts the load assigned to the rating and, consequently, the importance of the ensuing grade. As an illustration, a rating of fifteen out of twenty on a formative evaluation designed to gauge preliminary understanding carries much less weight than the identical rating on a summative evaluation meant to judge complete mastery. The subject material dictates the anticipated stage of rigor; a 15 out of twenty in an introductory course could characterize passable efficiency, whereas the identical rating in a complicated course could point out a necessity for additional research. The academic packages aims body the meant studying outcomes, thus shaping the factors used to judge scholar work. For instance, a program emphasizing vital pondering expertise will assess a scholar’s skill to investigate and synthesize info, whereas a program targeted on sensible software will prioritize the coed’s skill to use theoretical information to real-world situations. Understanding the evaluation context is due to this fact paramount in precisely decoding the that means and implications of a 15 out of twenty rating.
Contemplate, as an illustration, two distinct situations. Within the first, a scholar scores fifteen out of twenty on a weekly vocabulary quiz in a language acquisition course. Given the low-stakes nature of the evaluation and its concentrate on memorization and recall, this rating could also be thought of indicative of ample preparation and understanding. Conversely, within the second situation, a scholar scores fifteen out of twenty on a analysis paper assessing their skill to conduct unbiased analysis, analyze main sources, and synthesize complicated arguments. Given the high-stakes nature of the evaluation and its concentrate on higher-order cognitive expertise, this rating could also be thought of indicative of serious deficiencies. The sensible implications of understanding the evaluation context are evident in choices concerning tutorial assist, course placement, and future tutorial pathways. Educators, directors, and college students themselves should concentrate on the underlying components that contribute to the importance of a specific rating in an effort to make knowledgeable judgments and interventions.
In conclusion, the evaluation context serves as a necessary lens by means of which the that means of a rating of fifteen out of twenty is clarified. The kind of evaluation, the subject material, and this system aims collectively form the analysis customary and decide the importance of the numerical outcome. A failure to think about the evaluation context can result in misinterpretations and inaccurate assessments of scholar studying. By emphasizing the significance of context within the interpretation of educational efficiency, educators can foster a extra nuanced and significant understanding of scholar achievement and facilitate simpler instructional practices. This understanding in the end contributes to a extra equitable and supportive studying setting, selling scholar success and lifelong studying.
8. Academic Measurement
Academic measurement supplies the framework for quantifying scholar studying and achievement. The query of “what grade is 15 out of 20” is a direct software of this discipline, in search of to translate a uncooked rating right into a significant indicator of efficiency in opposition to established standards. This course of underpins choices associated to scholar placement, progress monitoring, and program analysis.
-
Standardized Scoring
Standardized scoring includes changing uncooked scores into comparable metrics, similar to percentages or customary scores. Figuring out the proportion equal of 15 out of 20 (75%) is a first-rate instance. This standardization permits for comparisons throughout completely different assessments and scholar populations. Standardized scoring facilitates the monitoring of educational progress over time and the identification of feat gaps. The applying of ordinary scores supplies a foundation for norm-referenced interpretations.
-
Grading Scales and Rubrics
Grading scales and rubrics outline the connection between numerical scores and qualitative assessments of efficiency. A rating of 75%, derived from 15 out of 20, is then mapped onto a letter grade (e.g., C, B-) based on the grading scale. Rubrics present detailed standards for evaluating scholar work, making certain consistency and transparency in grading. These instruments make clear the expectations for various ranges of feat, guiding each college students and instructors within the evaluation course of. The cautious development and software of grading scales and rubrics are important for legitimate and dependable instructional measurement.
-
Validity and Reliability
Validity refers back to the extent to which an evaluation measures what it’s meant to measure. Reliability refers back to the consistency of the measurement. Within the context of “what grade is 15 out of 20,” validity considerations whether or not the evaluation precisely displays a scholar’s information and expertise. Reliability considerations whether or not the evaluation would yield related outcomes underneath completely different testing situations or with completely different raters. Excessive validity and reliability are vital for making certain that instructional measurements present correct and reliable details about scholar studying. Statistical analyses are sometimes employed to evaluate the validity and reliability of instructional assessments.
-
Interpretational Frameworks
Interpretational frameworks present context for understanding instructional measurements. A rating of 75%, representing 15 out of 20, could have completely different implications relying on the issue of the evaluation, the curriculum requirements, and the traits of the coed inhabitants. Interpretational frameworks take into account components such because the cognitive stage of the evaluation gadgets, the alignment with tutorial aims, and the prior information of the scholars. These frameworks allow educators to make knowledgeable judgments about scholar efficiency and to tailor instruction to fulfill particular person wants. Sound interpretational frameworks are important for avoiding misinterpretations and for selling truthful and equitable evaluation practices.
The method of figuring out “what grade is 15 out of 20” exemplifies the core ideas of instructional measurement. By making use of standardized scoring, using grading scales and rubrics, making certain validity and reliability, and using applicable interpretational frameworks, educators can translate uncooked scores into significant indicators of scholar achievement. This rigorous strategy to evaluation is crucial for selling efficient educating, studying, and accountability in instructional settings. The applying of measurement ideas supplies construction to grading.
9. Interpretational Variance
The interpretation of a numerical rating, similar to fifteen out of twenty, right into a last grade is just not a universally constant course of. “Interpretational Variance” acknowledges the subjectivity inherent in assigning that means to numerical information inside instructional settings. The causes of this variance stem from a number of components, together with differing institutional grading insurance policies, variations in teacher expectations, and the precise context of the evaluation. The impact is that the identical numerical rating may end up in completely different letter grades or qualitative assessments, relying on the lens by means of which it’s considered. This underlines the significance of acknowledging the constraints of any single rating as an goal measure of studying. Understanding interpretational variance is a vital element of understanding “what grade is 15 out of 20,” because it clarifies that the numerical illustration is simply the place to begin of an evaluative course of that’s liable to contextual affect and subjective judgment.
Actual-life examples of interpretational variance abound inside greater training. A 75% grade, derived from a 15 out of twenty rating, is perhaps thought of a ‘C’ at one college, indicating passable however not distinctive efficiency. At one other establishment with a extra rigorous grading scale, a 75% could possibly be considered as a ‘B-‘, indicating above-average achievement. Moreover, the precise teacher’s expectations can dramatically alter the that means of the rating. An teacher who emphasizes creativity and authentic thought may weigh these components extra closely, leading to a better grade for a scholar who demonstrates these qualities, even when the numerical rating is simply 75%. Conversely, an teacher who prioritizes precision and factual accuracy may assign a decrease grade to the identical rating if these areas are deemed poor. The sensible significance of understanding interpretational variance turns into obvious when college students switch between establishments or apply to graduate packages. Admissions committees are conscious that grading practices differ broadly and should account for these variations when evaluating candidates’ transcripts.
In conclusion, interpretational variance highlights the necessity for warning when assigning definitive that means to numerical scores in training. Recognizing the subjective components that affect the interpretation of a rating of fifteen out of twenty right into a last grade is crucial for truthful and correct evaluation. Challenges associated to interpretational variance may be mitigated by means of the adoption of clear and clear grading insurance policies, using detailed rubrics, and a dedication to holistic analysis practices. Acknowledging and addressing these challenges is essential for making certain that grades precisely replicate scholar studying and supply significant suggestions for future development. The broader theme highlights that every one analysis requirements want cautious consideration in evaluation to make sure college students are pretty evaluated.
Ceaselessly Requested Questions
This part addresses frequent inquiries concerning the interpretation of a rating of 15 out of 20 inside various grading programs.
Query 1: How is a rating of 15 out of 20 transformed to a share?
The conversion is achieved by dividing the earned rating (15) by the whole attainable rating (20) after which multiplying the outcome by 100. This yields a share equal of 75%.
Query 2: Is there a universally accepted letter grade for 75%?
No. The letter grade comparable to 75% relies upon the precise grading scale employed by the establishment or teacher. A 75% could possibly be a ‘C’, ‘B-‘, or doubtlessly a ‘B’ relying on the dimensions.
Query 3: What components apart from the proportion affect the ultimate grade?
Elements such because the course weighting of the evaluation, the trainer’s subjective analysis of the work, and the general grading curve can affect the ultimate letter grade assigned.
Query 4: How do completely different grading scales influence the letter grade task?
Stricter grading scales, the place greater share thresholds are required for high grades, will usually lead to a decrease letter grade for a 75% than extra lenient grading scales.
Query 5: Is a rating of 15 out of 20 thought of a passing grade?
Whether or not 15 out of 20 constitutes a passing grade depends upon the minimal passing threshold outlined by the academic establishment or course. If the minimal passing grade is 70%, then 15 out of 20 is passing; nevertheless, if the minimal is greater, similar to 75% or above, it might be thought of failing.
Query 6: The place can one discover the precise grading scale being utilized in a specific course?
The grading scale is usually outlined within the course syllabus or may be obtained instantly from the trainer. Reviewing the syllabus is a necessary first step in understanding how efficiency will probably be evaluated.
The interpretation of a rating of 15 out of 20 necessitates a complete understanding of the related grading system and contextual components.
The following part will present actionable insights to boost efficiency.
Enhancing Efficiency Past Fifteen Out of Twenty
The attainment of fifteen out of twenty signifies competence, but alternatives exist for enchancment. Methods targeted on enhancing understanding and optimizing evaluation efficiency are worthwhile for reaching greater ranges of educational success.
Tip 1: Make clear Evaluation Standards: Confirm the grading rubric or evaluation pointers previous to commencing work. Understanding the precise standards by which efficiency will probably be evaluated allows targeted effort and focused preparation.
Tip 2: Interact Actively with Course Materials: Passive studying is inadequate for reaching mastery. Lively engagement with course content material, by means of note-taking, summarizing, and demanding evaluation, promotes deeper comprehension and retention.
Tip 3: Search Clarification on Unclear Ideas: Proactive engagement with instructors or educating assistants to handle areas of confusion prevents the buildup of misunderstandings. Well timed clarification enhances comprehension and reduces the chance of errors.
Tip 4: Follow with Pattern Questions: Familiarity with the evaluation format and query sorts reduces check anxiousness and improves efficiency. Training with pattern questions permits for the identification of information gaps and the refinement of problem-solving expertise.
Tip 5: Handle Time Successfully Throughout Assessments: Allocating time strategically throughout evaluation sections ensures that every one questions obtain ample consideration. Prioritizing questions based mostly on issue and level worth optimizes general efficiency.
Tip 6: Evaluation and Revise Work Earlier than Submission: Thorough evaluate of accomplished work identifies errors in reasoning, calculations, or grammar. Revision enhances readability, accuracy, and general high quality, resulting in improved scores.
Tip 7: Search Suggestions on Accomplished Assignments: Requesting suggestions from instructors or friends on earlier assignments supplies worthwhile insights into strengths and weaknesses. Constructive criticism facilitates focused enchancment and enhances future efficiency.
Constant software of those methods fosters tutorial development and elevates efficiency past the fifteen out of twenty threshold. A proactive strategy to studying and evaluation prepares college students for achievement in various tutorial endeavors.
The ultimate part will current a concise abstract, consolidating the core ideas mentioned inside this text.
Conclusion
This exploration has clarified that figuring out “what grade is 15 out of 20” necessitates consideration of a number of components past the uncooked numerical rating. Grading scales, institutional insurance policies, evaluation context, and interpretational variance all considerably affect the ultimate assigned grade. The straightforward fraction serves as the place to begin, however the complete analysis course of calls for a nuanced understanding of the academic setting.
The conversion of scores to grades stays a significant factor inside tutorial evaluation, facilitating communication of efficiency and informing subsequent studying trajectories. Recognizing the complexities inherent within the course of allows a extra knowledgeable and equitable interpretation of educational achievement. Continued refinement of evaluation practices is essential for making certain correct and significant evaluations of scholar studying.
